The first large tornado outbreak of 2010 came very late - April 22nd-24th. A major reason for the late start was the lack of moisture due to unusually cold Gulf of Mexico waters through mid-April:
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However, water temperatures at buoy
42035 near Galveston
jumped from 63.5F (17.5C) on April 5th to 73.9F (23.3C) on April 24th, allowing dewpoints to reach 70F+ in Mississippi.
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The most significant tornadoes were on April 24th especially in Mississippi.
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A massive 1.75 mile wide EF4 tornado tracked 149.25 miles across Louisiana and Mississippi, killing 10, and injuring 146. (More info, images
here.)
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Notice the very clear skies immediately following the tornadoes:
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A radar loop of the entire event is available
here and storm relative velocity
here.
High resolution radar imagery from 1714Z (1214 CDT) shows debris enhanced reflectivity near Yazoo City and a very intense rotational couplet.
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High resolution loop
here.
Although strong instability was present; lifted index -8C/CAPE 2,000 J/kg, it was not exceptional.
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What was exceptional was the trough which produced wind speeds over 130 knots at 250 mb, and over 90 knots at 500 mb.
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Even more impressive was the storm relative helicity values, which were literally off the charts.
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Notice that the scale only goes to 500 m2/s2, while the high in western Tennessee is over 1,500 m2/s2! Even 0-1 km SRH is over 1,400:
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To see how this can occur, look at how rapidly winds increase and veer from the surface to 700 mb (or even just to 850):
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Here is the sounding from Jackson, MS.
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